TSAG Crystal
TSAG Faraday crystal is an ideal magneto-optical crystal, which is mainly used in the wavelength range of 400-1600 nanometers, namely the visible and infrared bands. TSAG is an indispensable crystal for the next generation of high-power lasers due to its advantages of high constant, good thermal and mechanical properties. Compared with TGG, the Verdet constant at 1064 nm of TSAG is 20 % higher and the absorption is 30 % lower. Recently, the optical and scintillation properties of TSAG (Tb3Sc2Al3O12) crystal was investigated, and capabilities to be used as a scintillator screen was demonstrated.
Parameter
| Transmittance Range(bulk/uncoated) | 400-1600 nm |
| Crystal Structure | Cubic，Space group Ia3d |
| Chemical Formula | Tb3Sc2Al3O12 |
| Lattice Parameter | a=12.3 Å |
| Growth Method | Czochralski |
| Density | 5.91 g/cm3 |
| Melting Point | 1970℃±10℃ |
| Orientation | ±15′ |
| Wavefront Distortion | ＜λ/8 |
| Extinction Ratio | ＞30 dB |
| Diameter Tolerance | +0.00 mm/-0.05 mm |
| Length Tolerance | +0.2 mm/-0.2 mm |
| Chamfer | 0.1 mm @ 45° |
| Flatness | ＜λ/10 at 633 nm |
| Parallelism | ＜3′ |
| Perpendicularity | ＜5′ |
| Surface Quality | 10/5 |
| AR coating | ＜0.3% @ 1064 nm |
- Large Verdet constant（48 radT-1m-1 at 1064 nm），about 20% higher than that of TGG;
- Low absorption（＜3000 ppm/cm at 1064 nm），about 30% less than that of TGG;
- High power compliant;
- Low thermally-induced birefringence;
- Making the isolator small.
Faraday isolator:
Lasers with high average output power find application in different fields of activity: medicine, industry, space. They are actively used in numerous scientific projects such as ultrabright sources of radiation construction (ELI), inertial confinement fusion facilities (NIF, HiPER, Genbu), gravitational wave detection (LIGO, Virgo, Einstein Telescope) etc. The average output power of continuous wave and repetitively pulsed lasers is steadily growing, making it increasingly important to reduce thermal effects arising in various optical elements due to radiation absorption. Faraday isolators are essential parts of such laser systems as they prevent unwanted feedback and ensure safe operation of system.TSAG (terbium scandium aluminum garnet) crystal is interesting medium with effective Faraday rotation. Its advantage over the TGG crystal is a ~20% higher Verdet constant (the precise value depends on the content of scandium) and over the TAG crystal is the possibility of growing large-aperture single crystals of good optical quality.
【Ref】Faraday isolator based on TSAG crystal for high power lasers
Imaging applications：
Optical and scintillation properties of TSAG (Tb3Sc2Al3O12) crystal was investigated, and capabilities to be used as a scintillator screen was demonstrated. In photoluminescence (PL) spectra, some emission lines due to Tb3+ 4f-4f transitions appeared from 500 to 700 nm. PL quantum yields of TGG and TSAG were 6.5 and 50.9%, respectively. When irradiated by X-rays, these crystals showed intense scintillation, and the emission wavelengths were the same as those in PL spectra. The scintillation decay times of TSAG was 678 μs, respectively.
【Ref】Scintillation properties of TSAG crystal for imaging applications
| Faraday isolator based on TSAG crystal for high power lasers |
| Faraday rotator based on TSAG crystal with orientation |
| Faraday isolator based on a TSAG single crystal with compensation of thermally induced depolarization inside magnetic field |
| TSAG-based cryogenic Faraday isolator |
| TSAG-based Faraday isolator with depolarization compensation using a counterrotation scheme |
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| Thermo-Optical and Magneto-Optical Characteristics of Terbium Scandium Aluminum Garnet Crystals |
| Growth of Tb–Sc–Al garnet single crystals by the micro-pulling down method |
| Czochralski growth of Tb3Sc2Al3O12 single crystal for Faraday rotator |
| Growth of {Tb3}[Sc2-xLux](Al3)O12 Single Crystals for Visible-Infrared Optical Isolators |
| Study of the influence of Tb-Sc-Al garnet crystal composition on Verdet constant |
| Crystal growth, defects, mechanical, thermal and optical properties of Tb3Sc2Al3O12 magneto-optical crystal |
| Characterization of the terbium-doped calcium fluoride single crystal |
| Scintillation properties of TGG and TSAG crystals for imaging applications |
| Experimental Study of Interface Inversion of Tb3 Scx Al5-xO12 Single Crystals Grown by the Czochralski Method |
| Terbium Scandium Aluminum Garnet a new efficient material for Faraday rotators? |
| Optical and magnetooptical properties of terbium-scandium-aluminum and terbium-containing (gallates and aluminates) garnets |
| Features of Thermally Induced Depolarization in Magneto-Active Media with Negative Optical Anisotropy Parameter |
| Theoretical and experimental studies of electronic, optical and luminescent properties for Tb-based garnet materials |
| Emission properties of Tb3Sc2Al3O12-TbScO3 eutectic with self-organized rodlike microstructure |
| Faraday Isolators Based on TSAG Crystal for Multikilowatt Lasers |
| Temperature-Dependent Dielectric Characterization of Magneto-Optical Tb3Sc2Al3O12 Crystal Investigated by Terahertz Time-Domain Spectroscopy |
| Investigation of the Thermal Conductivity Terbium Gallium and Terbium Scandium Aluminum Garnet Crystals |
| Analysis of microstructure eutectic Tb3Sc2Al3O12-TbScO3 photonic properties |
| Self-Organized, Rodlike, Micrometer-Scale Microstructure of Tb3Sc2Al3O12-TbScO3:Pr Eutectic |
| Magnetoactive media for cryogenic Faraday isolators |
| Faraday isolators for high (>1kW)average power lasers |
